The complete waste photovoltaic panel recycling production line adopts the core technical route of pretreatment dismantling + tunnel pyrolysis + multi-stage sorting + hydrometallurgical silver extraction. It is professionally applied to waste, damaged and defective crystalline silicon PV modules to realize efficient separation and recycling of all components. The entire production line consists of a series of special customized equipment, and the detailed technological process is as follows:
Step 1: Pre-treatment & Dismantling Process
Waste PV panels are firstly delivered to the junction box removing machine for automatic removal of component junction boxes. After that, the panels are transferred to the aluminum frame removing machine to fully automatically strip the surrounding aluminum alloy frames. The disassembled aluminum frames can be directly recycled and remanufactured. The laminated panels without frames and junction boxes are then sent to the glass removing equipment to separate the tempered glass firmly bonded to the EVA film.
Step 2: Core Tunnel Pyrolysis Process
The pre-treated PV laminated panels are fed into the tunnel pyrolysis furnace. In a fully sealed and controlled environment, organic substances such as EVA film and backsheet are completely pyrolyzed. This process eliminates the bonding force of EVA adhesive, loosening silicon wafers, copper ribbons and other materials from each other, perfectly solving the industry pain point of difficult EVA film peeling. Equipped with a professional waste gas treatment system, the entire pyrolysis unit ensures standard exhaust emission and zero environmental risks.
Step 3: Post-pyrolysis Sorting & Crushing Sorting Process
Mixed materials after pyrolysis are transported to the pyrolysis sorting system. Through physical sorting methods including screening, air separation and gravity separation, glass debris, silicon materials, copper materials and plastic residues are thoroughly separated. Meanwhile, partial materials enter the crushing and sorting system for further crushing and grading, realizing precise separation and diversion of copper powder, silicon powder and plastic powder.
Step 4: Silver Stripping & Purification Process
Targeting the silver grid lines on silicon wafers, the supporting professional silver stripping equipment adopts mature hydrometallurgical technology to efficiently strip the silver layer from waste PV silicon wafers and produce high-purity silver products. The processed high-quality silicon materials can also be sold separately, maximizing the overall economic benefits of the recycling project.
The entire production line features high automation and minimal manual intervention. Adopting a modular design, the equipment configuration can be flexibly adjusted according to customers’ factory space, processing capacity and investment budget. The final recyclable products include high-purity glass, aluminum, copper, silicon and silver, with an overall material recovery rate of over 95%, fully meeting the requirements of continuous industrial production.
